Bill HF4967

1.1          A bill for an act
1.2          relating to state government; providing policy for theft of public funds, school
1.3          safety, and emergency vehicles; modifying the crimes of first-degree murder and
1.4          impersonating a peace officer; creating new crimes; providing policy for firearms;
1.5          authorizing rulemaking; providing criminal penalties; appropriating money for
1.6          judiciary, public safety, and corrections;amending Minnesota Statutes 2024,
1.7          sections 169.011, subdivision 3; 169.98, by adding a subdivision; 471.635; 609.185;
1.8          609.4751, subdivisions 2, 3; 609.66, subdivisions 1d, 1f; 609.666; 624.712,
1.9          subdivision 7, by adding a subdivision; 624.713, subdivision 1; 624.7131,
1.10       subdivision 10; 624.7132, subdivisions 3, 4, 5, 10, 12, 15; 624.7134, subdivisions
1.11       2, 3, 4, 5; 624.7141, subdivisions 1, 3; 624.7181, subdivision 2; Minnesota Statutes
1.12       2025 Supplement, sections 624.7131, subdivision 1; 624.7132, subdivision 1;
1.13       proposing coding for new law in Minnesota Statutes, chapters 169; 299A; 609;
1.14       624; repealing Minnesota Statutes 2024, sections 169.58, subdivisions 2, 3; 471.633;
1.15       471.634; 609.667; 609.67, subdivision 6; 624.7131, subdivision 12; 624.7132,
1.16       subdivision 16; 624.714, subdivision 23; 624.717; 624.7191, subdivision 4.
1.17       BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MINNESOTA:

1.18       ARTICLE 1
1.19       JUDICIARY APPROPRIATIONS

1.21       The dollar amounts shown in the columns marked "Appropriations" are added to or, if
1.22       shown in parentheses, are subtracted from the appropriations in Laws 2025, chapter 35,
1.23       article 1, from the general fund or any fund named for the purposes specified in this article,
1.24       to be available for the fiscal year indicated for each purpose. The figures "2026" and "2027"
1.25       used in this article mean that the appropriations listed under them are available for the fiscal
1.26       years ending June 30, 2026, or June 30, 2027, respectively. "The first year" is fiscal year
1.27       2026. "The second year" is fiscal year 2027. "The biennium" is fiscal years 2026 and 2027.

2.4          (a) Chief Justice Security
2.5          $101,000 the second year is for the supreme
2.6          court to provide a protection detail for the
2.7          chief justice while at events or going to or
2.8          from events in their official capacity.
2.9          (b) Judicial Branch Security Unit
2.10       $312,000 the second year is for staffing the
2.11       Judicial Branch Security Unit.
2.12       (c) Safe and Secure Courthouse Initiative
2.13       $1,000,000 the second year is for a
2.14       competitive grant program for courthouse
2.15       safety and security improvements. Grants may
2.16       be awarded to governmental entities to fund
2.17       courthouse security assessments, equipment,
2.18       technology, construction, or training needs.
2.19       Grant recipients must provide a 50 percent
2.20       nonstate match. This is a onetime
2.21       appropriation and is available until June 30,
2.22       2029.

2.23       ARTICLE 2
2.24       PUBLIC SAFETY APPROPRIATIONS AND RELATED FISCAL POLICIES

2.26       The dollar amounts shown in the columns marked "Appropriations" are added to or, if
2.27       shown in parentheses, are subtracted from the appropriations in Laws 2025, chapter 35,
2.28       article 2, from the general fund or any fund named for the purposes specified in this article,
2.29       to be available for the fiscal year indicated for each purpose. The figures "2026" and "2027"
2.30       used in this article mean that the appropriations listed under them are available for the fiscal
2.31       years ending June 30, 2026, or June 30, 2027, respectively. "The first year" is fiscal year
2.32       2026. "The second year" is fiscal year 2027. "The biennium" is fiscal years 2026 and 2027.

3.5          The amounts that may be spent for each
3.6          purpose are specified in the following
3.7          subdivisions.

3.9          $500,000 the second year is for a public
3.10       awareness campaign for extreme risk
3.11       protection orders. This is a onetime
3.12       appropriation.

3.14       (a) School Safety Grant Program
3.15       $4,565,000 the second year is for the school
3.16       safety grant program established under
3.17       Minnesota Statutes, section 299A.956.
3.18       (b) Minnesota School Safety Center Team
3.19       $435,000 the second year is for staffing and
3.20       operational costs for the Minnesota School
3.21       Safety Center team.

3.23       (a) Behavioral Threat Assessment and
3.24       Management Team
3.25       $2,084,000 the second year is for staffing and
3.26       operating costs for the behavioral threat
3.27       assessment and management program to assess
3.28       and investigate threats and prevent targeted
3.29       violence.
3.30       (b) Financial Crimes and Fraud Section
3.31       $1,531,000 the second year is for staffing and
3.32       operating costs for the Financial Crimes and
4.1          Fraud Section under Minnesota Statutes,
4.2          section 299C.061.
4.3          (c) Ownership Certifications
4.4          $450,000 the second year is for establishing
4.5          and administering a process to obtain a
4.6          certificate for legal ownership of
4.7          semiautomatic military-style assault weapons
4.8          under Minnesota Statutes, section 624.7145.
4.9          The base for this appropriation is $146,000
4.10       beginning in fiscal year 2028.

4.13       The amounts that may be spent for each
4.14       purpose are specified in the following
4.15       subdivisions.

4.17       Incarceration and Prerelease Services Base
4.18       Budget
4.19       $256,000 in fiscal year 2028 and $319,000 in
4.20       fiscal year 2029 are added to the base for
4.21       incarceration and prerelease services.

4.22       Sec. 4. BCA MARYLAND BUILDING; PERMIT EXCEPTION.
4.23       Notwithstanding any law, rule, or ordinance to the contrary, a building permit under the
4.24       State Building Code is not required to construct a new perimeter eight-foot security fence
4.25       and access controls at the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension building site under Laws 2023,
4.26       chapter 72, article 1, section 15, subdivision 3.

4.27       ARTICLE 3
4.28       POLICY

4.29       Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 169.011, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
4.30                       Subd. 3.Authorized emergency vehicle. "Authorized emergency vehicle" means any
4.31       of the following vehicles when equipped and identified according to law:
5.1          (1) a vehicle of a fire department;
5.2          (2) a publicly owned police vehicle or a privately owned vehicle used by a police officer
5.3          for police work under agreement, express or implied, with the local authority to which the
5.4          officer is responsible;
5.5          (3) a vehicle of a licensed land emergency ambulance service, whether publicly or
5.6          privately owned;
5.7          (4) an emergency vehicle of a municipal department or a public service corporation,
5.8          approved by the commissioner of public safety or the chief of police of a municipality;
5.9          (5) any volunteer rescue squad operating pursuant according to Laws 1959, chapter 53;
5.10       or
5.11       (6) a vehicle designated as an authorized emergency vehicle upon a finding by the
5.12       commissioner of public safety that designation of that vehicle is necessary to the preservation
5.13       of life or property or to the execution of the designation is needed to execute emergency
5.14       governmental functions.

5.15       Sec. 2. [169.033] AUTHORIZED EMERGENCY VEHICLES; COMMISSIONER
5.16       OF PUBLIC SAFETY.
5.17                       Subdivision 1.Applicability; definition. (a) This section applies to
5.18       commissioner-approved authorized emergency vehicles under section 169.011, subdivision
5.19       3, clauses (4) and (6).
5.20       (b) For purposes of this section, "commissioner" means the commissioner of public
5.21       safety.
5.22                       Subd. 2.Commissioner-approved vehicles.  (a) The commissioner may issue an
5.23       emergency vehicle permit to the operator of an authorized emergency vehicle.
5.24       (b) Before operating an authorized emergency vehicle, an operator must:
5.25       (1) obtain a permit and be listed as the operator on the permit; and
5.26       (2) complete commissioner-approved training on operating an emergency vehicle.
5.27                       Subd. 3.Rulemaking exemption. This section is exempt from the rulemaking provisions
5.28       under chapter 14, including section 14.386.

6.1          Sec. 3. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 169.98, is amended by adding a subdivision to
6.2          read:
6.3                          Subd. 6.Decommissioning vehicle. When a law enforcement agency removes a vehicle
6.4          under this section from use, the decommissioning law enforcement agency must remove
6.5          all vehicle markings and equipment, including all spotlights, push bumpers, and nonstandard
6.6          lighting that could cause a reasonable person to believe that the vehicle is a law enforcement
6.7          vehicle.

6.8          Sec. 4. [299A.956] SCHOOL SAFETY GRANT PROGRAM.
6.9                          Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have
6.10       the meanings given.
6.11       (b) "All-hazards approach" means planning and preparedness that address natural,
6.12       technological, and human-caused hazards.
6.13       (c) "Center" means the Minnesota School Safety Center under the Homeland Security
6.14       and Emergency Management division of the Department of Public Safety.
6.15       (d) "Commissioner" means the commissioner of public safety.
6.16                       Subd. 2.Program purpose. (a) The school safety grant program is established under
6.17       the Homeland Security and Emergency Management division of the Department of Public
6.18       Safety to provide financial assistance to kindergarten through grade 12 schools to strengthen
6.19       comprehensive school safety and security capabilities. Grants may be awarded to support
6.20       prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery activities that reduce risk, enhance
6.21       resilience, and improve a school's ability to protect students, staff, and visitors from a wide
6.22       range of threats and hazards.
6.23       (b) The program is not subject to the rulemaking provisions of chapter 14, including
6.24       section 14.386.
6.25                       Subd. 3.Grant goals and outcomes. (a) The commissioner must administer a grant
6.26       program to eligible applicants to:
6.27       (1) support an all-hazards approach to school safety, including but not limited to natural
6.28       hazards, technological incidents, public health emergencies, and acts of violence; and
6.29       (2) promote collaboration and information sharing among public and nonpublic schools,
6.30       school districts, school boards, Tribal schools, local and Tribal governments, law enforcement
6.31       agencies, emergency management agencies, public health agencies, and other public safety
6.32       and community partners.
7.1          (b) The commissioner must award grants that prioritize evidence-based, developmentally
7.2          appropriate, and trauma-informed practices and that support one or more of the following
7.3          outcomes:
7.4          (1) development, implementation, or long-term sustainability of comprehensive school
7.5          safety or emergency operations plans;
7.6          (2) increased preparedness of school staff and students through training, exercises, or
7.7          drills aligned with state or federal guidance;
7.8          (3) improved coordination, communication, or integration among schools, school districts,
7.9          school boards, and local or Tribal emergency response and public safety agencies;
7.10       (4) identification, mitigation, or reduction of safety risks or vulnerabilities in school
7.11       environments;
7.12       (5) enhanced capacity for recovery, continuity of operations, or restoration of educational
7.13       services after an emergency or critical incident; and
7.14       (6) any other outcome that supports an all-hazards approach to school safety.
7.15                       Subd. 4.Eligibility. (a) An eligible applicant for a grant under this section includes
7.16       kindergarten through grade 12 public and nonpublic schools in the state, including Tribal
7.17       schools.
7.18       (b) An applicant must demonstrate actions that the school, school board, or school district
7.19       has taken to strengthen school safety and follow an all-hazards approach to school safety.
7.20                       Subd. 5.Applying for grants. (a) An applicant must apply for a grant in a format
7.21       prescribed by the commissioner. At a minimum, an applicant must:
7.22       (1) describe what the grant will be used for;
7.23       (2) list how the grant will meet one of the planned outcomes under subdivision 3,
7.24       paragraph (b); and
7.25       (3) explain how the grant will support an all-hazards approach to school safety.
7.26       (b) The commissioner must establish an application process for grant applicants, including
7.27       but not limited to:
7.28       (1) timelines for reviewing applications and awarding grants;
7.29       (2) criteria for evaluating and scoring applications;
7.30       (3) funding limits in awarding grants; and
8.1          (4) guidance on grant eligibility and allowable expenses.
8.2                          Subd. 6.Grant procedures. The commissioner must establish procedures for awarding
8.3          grants among eligible applicants, including but not limited to:
8.4          (1) minimum and maximum grant amounts;
8.5          (2) priority consideration for schools that demonstrate the highest funding, security, or
8.6          safety needs for an all-hazards approach to school safety; and
8.7          (3) competitive selection methods that are transparent and equitable.
8.8                          Subd. 7.Eligible and ineligible activities. (a) A grant may be used for one or more of
8.9          the following eligible activities:
8.10       (1) developing, reviewing, or updating plans on school safety, emergency operations,
8.11       or crisis response;
8.12       (2) training, exercises, drills, or technical assistance that support school safety and
8.13       emergency preparedness;
8.14       (3) behavioral threat assessments, violence prevention, or other early-intervention
8.15       activities;
8.16       (4) safety and security improvements consistent with center standards or guidance;
8.17       (5) procuring or maintaining emergency communication, notification, or coordination
8.18       tools; and
8.19       (6) other center-approved activities that directly support the grant program's purpose
8.20       and outcomes.
8.21       (b) A grant must not be used for:
8.22       (1) routine operational or administrative costs that are indirectly related to school safety
8.23       or security;
8.24       (2) supplanting or replacing existing funding for ongoing programs or activities;
8.25       (3) activities that are inconsistent with an all-hazards approach to school safety; or
8.26       (4) any purpose prohibited under state or federal law.

9.1          Sec. 5. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 609.185, is amended to read:
9.2          609.185 MURDER IN THE FIRST DEGREE.
9.3          (a) Whoever does any of the following is guilty of murder in the first degree and shall
9.4          be sentenced to imprisonment for life:
9.5          (1) causes the death of a human being with premeditation and with intent to effect the
9.6          death of the person or of another;
9.7          (2) causes the death of a human being while committing or attempting to commit criminal
9.8          sexual conduct in the first or second degree with force or violence, either upon or affecting
9.9          the person or another;
9.10       (3) causes the death of a human being with intent to effect the death of the person or
9.11       another, while committing or attempting to commit burglary, aggravated robbery, carjacking
9.12       in the first or second degree, kidnapping, arson in the first or second degree, a drive-by
9.13       shooting, tampering with a witness in the first degree, escape from custody, or any felony
9.14       violation of chapter 152 involving the unlawful sale of a controlled substance;
9.15       (4) causes the death of a peace officer, prosecuting attorney, judge, or a guard employed
9.16       at a Minnesota state or local correctional facility, or legislator, with intent to effect the death
9.17       of that person or another, while the person is engaged in the performance of official duties;
9.18       (5) causes the death of a minor while committing child abuse, when the perpetrator has
9.19       engaged in a past pattern of child abuse upon a child and the death occurs under
9.20       circumstances manifesting an extreme indifference to human life;
9.21       (6) causes the death of a human being while committing domestic abuse, when the
9.22       perpetrator has engaged in a past pattern of domestic abuse upon the victim or upon another
9.23       family or household member and the death occurs under circumstances manifesting an
9.24       extreme indifference to human life; or
9.25       (7) causes the death of a human being while committing, conspiring to commit, or
9.26       attempting to commit a felony crime to further terrorism and the death occurs under
9.27       circumstances manifesting an extreme indifference to human life.
9.28       (b) For the purposes of paragraph (a), clause (4), "prosecuting attorney" has the meaning
9.29       given in section 609.221, subdivision 6, clause (4).
9.30       (c) For the purposes of paragraph (a), clause (4), "judge" has the meaning given in section
9.31       609.221, subdivision 6, clause (5).
10.1       (d) For purposes of paragraph (a), clause (5), "child abuse" means an act committed
10.2       against a minor victim that constitutes a violation of the following laws of this state or any
10.3       similar laws of the United States or any other state: section 609.221; 609.222; 609.223;
10.4       609.224; 609.2242; 609.342; 609.343; 609.344; 609.345; 609.377; 609.378; or 609.713.
10.5       (e) For purposes of paragraph (a), clause (6), "domestic abuse" means an act that:
10.6       (1) constitutes a violation of section 609.221, 609.222, 609.223, 609.224, 609.2242,
10.7       609.342, 609.343, 609.344, 609.345, 609.713, or any similar laws of the United States or
10.8       any other state; and
10.9       (2) is committed against the victim who is a family or household member as defined in
10.10     section 518B.01, subdivision 2, paragraph (b).
10.11     (f) For purposes of paragraph (a), clause (7), "further terrorism" has the meaning given
10.12     in section 609.714, subdivision 1.

10.13     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
10.14     committed on or after that date.

10.15     Sec. 6. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 609.4751, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
10.16                     Subd. 2.Gross misdemeanor Felony. Whoever violates subdivision 1 while committing
10.17     any of the following acts is guilty of a gross misdemeanor felony and may be sentenced to
10.18     imprisonment for not more than two years or to payment of a fine of not more than $4,000,
10.19     or both:
10.20     (1) gaining access to a public building or government facility that is not open to the
10.21     public;
10.22     (2) gaining access to a private residence;
10.23     (2) (3) without legal authority, directing or ordering another person to act or refrain from
10.24     acting;
10.25     (3) (4) violating section 169.64, subdivision 2, 3, or 4, or the siren provisions of section
10.26     169.68; or
10.27     (4) (5) operating a motor vehicle marked:
10.28     (i) with the word or words "police," "patrolman," "sheriff," "deputy," "trooper," "state
10.29     patrol," "conservation officer," "agent," or "marshal"; or
10.30     (ii) with any lettering, marking, or insignia, or colorable imitation thereof, including,
10.31     but not limited to, stars, badges, or shields identifying the vehicle as a law enforcement
11.1       vehicle, and which a reasonable person would believe is a law enforcement vehicle governed
11.2       under section 169.98, subdivision 1.

11.3       EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
11.4       committed on or after that date.

11.5       Sec. 7. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 609.4751, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
11.6                       Subd. 3.Felony; subsequent violation. Whoever violates this section subdivision 1
11.7       within five years of a previous violation of this section is guilty of a felony and may be
11.8       sentenced to imprisonment for not more than two years or to payment of a fine of not more
11.9       than $4,000, or both.

11.10     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
11.11     committed on or after that date.

11.12     Sec. 8. [609.4752] IMPERSONATING PUBLIC SAFETY OFFICER.
11.13                     Subdivision 1.Misdemeanor. Whoever falsely impersonates a public safety officer, as
11.14     defined in section 299A.41, subdivision 4, clauses (2) to (10), with intent to mislead another
11.15     into believing that the impersonator is actually a public safety officer is guilty of a
11.16     misdemeanor.
11.17                     Subd. 2.Felony. Whoever violates subdivision 1 while committing any of the following
11.18     acts is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than two years
11.19     or to payment of a fine of not more than $4,000, or both:
11.20     (1) gaining access to a public building or government facility that is not open to the
11.21     public;
11.22     (2) gaining access to a private residence;
11.23     (3) without legal authority, directing or ordering another person to act or refrain from
11.24     acting; or
11.25     (4) violating section 169.64, subdivision 2, 3, or 4, or the siren provisions of section
11.26     169.68.
11.27                     Subd. 3.Felony; subsequent violation. Whoever violates subdivision 1 within five
11.28     years of a previous violation of this section is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to
11.29     imprisonment for not more than two years or to payment of a fine of not more than $4,000,
11.30     or both.

12.1       EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
12.2       committed on or after that date.

12.3       Sec. 9. [609.539] THEFT OF PUBLIC FUNDS.
12.4                       Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have
12.5       the meanings given.
12.6       (b) "Government entity" has the meaning given in section 13.02, subdivision 7a.
12.7       (c) "Public funds" means money from all general, special, permanent, trust, and other
12.8       funds, regardless of source or purpose, held or administered by a government entity.
12.9                       Subd. 2.Acts constituting theft of public funds. Whoever does any of the following
12.10     commits theft of public funds and may be sentenced as provided in subdivision 3:
12.11     (1) intentionally and without claim of right takes, uses, transfers, conceals, or retains
12.12     possession of public funds of a government entity or a third party administering a program
12.13     funded by public vendors without consent and with intent to deprive the government entity
12.14     permanently of possession of public funds;
12.15     (2) obtains for the actor or another the possession or custody of public funds from a
12.16     government entity or a third party administering a program funded by public funds by
12.17     intentionally deceiving the government entity or third party with a false representation that
12.18     is known to be false, is made with intent to defraud, and does defraud the government entity
12.19     or third party. False representation includes but is not limited to:
12.20     (i) a promise made with intent not to perform. Failure to perform is not evidence of
12.21     intent not to perform unless corroborated by other substantial evidence; or
12.22     (ii) the preparation or filing of a claim for reimbursement, a rate application, or a cost
12.23     report that intentionally and falsely states the costs of or actual services provided by a
12.24     vendor; or
12.25     (3) by swindling, whether by artifice, trick, device, or any other means, obtains public
12.26     funds or services funded by public funds from a government entity or a third party
12.27     administering a program funded by public funds.
12.28                     Subd. 3.Sentence. (a) Whoever commits theft of public funds may be sentenced to
12.29     imprisonment:
12.30     (1) for not more than 24 years or to payment of a fine of not more than $100,000, or
12.31     both, if the value of the property stolen is more than $35,000;
13.1       (2) for not more than 12 years or to payment of a fine of not more than $20,000, or both,
13.2       if the value of the property stolen exceeds $5,000; or
13.3       (3) for not more than six years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both,
13.4       if the value of the property stolen is more than $1,000 but not more than $5,000.
13.5       (b) In a prosecution for theft of public funds, the value of the money or property received
13.6       by the defendant in violation of any of these provisions within a six-month period may be
13.7       aggregated and the defendant sentenced accordingly.

13.8       EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
13.9       committed on or after that date.

13.10     Sec. 10. REPEALER.
 13.11   Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 169.58, subdivisions 2 and 3, are repealed.

13.12     ARTICLE 4
13.13     GUN VIOLENCE PREVENTION

13.14     Section 1. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 471.635, is amended to read:
13.15     471.635 ZONING ORDINANCES.
13.16     Notwithstanding section 471.633, A governmental subdivision may regulate by
13.17     reasonable, nondiscriminatory, and nonarbitrary zoning ordinances, the location of businesses
13.18     where firearms are sold by a firearms dealer. For the purposes of this section, a firearms
13.19     dealer is a person who is federally licensed to sell firearms and a governmental subdivision
13.20     is an entity described in sections 471.633 and 471.634.

13.21     Sec. 2. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 609.66, subdivision 1d, is amended to read:
13.22                     Subd. 1d.Possession on school property; penalty. (a) Except as provided under
13.23     paragraphs (d) and (f), whoever possesses, stores, or keeps a dangerous weapon while
13.24     knowingly on school property is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to imprisonment
13.25     for not more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both.
13.26     (b) Whoever uses or brandishes a replica firearm or a BB gun while knowingly on school
13.27     property is guilty of a gross misdemeanor.
13.28     (c) Whoever possesses, stores, or keeps a replica firearm or a BB gun while knowingly
13.29     on school property is guilty of a misdemeanor.
14.1       (d) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), (b), or (c), it is a misdemeanor for a person authorized
14.2       to carry a firearm under the provisions of a permit or otherwise to carry a firearm on or
14.3       about the person's clothes or person in a location the person knows is school property.
14.4       Notwithstanding section 609.531, a firearm carried in violation of this paragraph is not
14.5       subject to forfeiture.
14.6       (e) As used in this subdivision:
14.7       (1) "BB gun" means a device that fires or ejects a shot measuring .18 of an inch or less
14.8       in diameter;
14.9       (2) "dangerous weapon" has the meaning given it in section 609.02, subdivision 6;
14.10     (3) "replica firearm" has the meaning given it in section 609.713; and
14.11     (4) "school property" means:
14.12     (i) a public or private elementary, middle, or secondary school building and its improved
14.13     grounds, whether leased or owned by the school;
14.14     (ii) a child care center licensed under chapter 142B during the period children are present
14.15     and participating in a child care program;
14.16     (iii) the area within a school bus when that bus is being used by a school to transport
14.17     one or more elementary, middle, or secondary school students to and from school-related
14.18     activities, including curricular, cocurricular, noncurricular, extracurricular, and supplementary
14.19     activities; and
14.20     (iv) that portion of a building or facility under the temporary, exclusive control of a
14.21     public or private school, a school district, or an association of such entities where conspicuous
14.22     signs are prominently posted at each entrance that give actual notice to persons of the
14.23     school-related use.
14.24     (f) This subdivision does not apply to:
14.25     (1) active licensed peace officers;
14.26     (2) military personnel or students participating in military training, who are on-duty,
14.27     performing official duties;
14.28     (3) persons authorized to carry a pistol under section 624.714 while in a motor vehicle
14.29     or outside of a motor vehicle to directly place a firearm in, or retrieve it from, the trunk or
14.30     rear area of the vehicle;
15.1       (4) persons who keep or store in a motor vehicle pistols in accordance with section
15.2       624.714 or 624.715 or other firearms in accordance with section 97B.045;
15.3       (5) firearm safety or marksmanship courses or activities conducted on school property;
15.4       (6) possession of dangerous weapons, BB guns, or replica firearms by a ceremonial
15.5       color guard;
15.6       (7) a gun or knife show held on school property;
15.7       (8) possession of dangerous weapons, BB guns, or replica firearms with written
15.8       permission of the principal or other person having general control and supervision of the
15.9       school or the director of a child care center; or
15.10     (9) persons who are on unimproved property owned or leased by a child care center,
15.11     school, or school district unless the person knows that a student is currently present on the
15.12     land for a school-related activity.
15.13     (g) Notwithstanding section 471.634, A school district or other entity composed
15.14     exclusively of school districts may not regulate firearms, ammunition, or their respective
15.15     components, when possessed or carried by nonstudents or nonemployees, in a manner that
15.16     is inconsistent with this subdivision.

15.17     Sec. 3. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 609.66, subdivision 1f, is amended to read:
15.18                     Subd. 1f.Gross misdemeanor; transferring firearm without background check. A
15.19     person, other than a federally licensed firearms dealer, who transfers a pistol or semiautomatic
15.20     military-style assault weapon to another without complying with the transfer requirements
15.21     of section 624.7132, is guilty of a gross misdemeanor if the transferee possesses or uses the
15.22     weapon within one year after the transfer in furtherance of a felony crime of violence, and
15.23     if:
15.24     (1) the transferee was prohibited from possessing the weapon under section 624.713 at
15.25     the time of the transfer; or
15.26     (2) it was reasonably foreseeable at the time of the transfer that the transferee was likely
15.27     to use or possess the weapon in furtherance of a felony crime of violence.

15.28     Sec. 4. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 609.666, is amended to read:
15.29     609.666 NEGLIGENT STORAGE OF FIREARMS.
15.30                     Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the following words terms
15.31     have the meanings given.
16.1       (a) "Firearm" means a device designed to be used as a weapon, from which is expelled
16.2       a projectile by the force of any explosion or force of combustion.
16.3       (b) "Authorized user" means a person who is eligible under state and federal law to
16.4       possess a firearm and to whom the owner of a firearm has expressly granted permission to
16.5       use the firearm.
16.6       (b) (c) "Child" means a person under the age of 18 years.
16.7       (d) "Firearm" means a device designed to be used as a weapon from which a projectile
16.8       is expelled by the force of an explosion or force of combustion. Firearm does not include
16.9       antique firearms or collector's items, relics, museum pieces or objects of curiosity, ornaments,
16.10     or keepsakes that are rendered inoperable.
16.11     (e) "Firearm storage unit" means a secure and tamperproof container designed to hold
16.12     a firearm that is only accessible to the owner or authorized users of the firearm or firearms
16.13     stored in the container.
16.14     (c) (f) "Loaded" means the firearm has ammunition in the chamber or magazine, if the
16.15     magazine is in the firearm, unless the firearm is incapable of being fired by a child who is
16.16     likely to gain access to the firearm.
16.17     (g) "Locking device" means a feature of a firearm or an external device that renders the
16.18     firearm inaccessible or inoperable, or both, to children and unauthorized users. Locking
16.19     device includes but is not limited to a biometric lock, trigger lock, barrel lock, or cylinder
16.20     lock.
16.21                     Subd. 2.Access to firearms. A person is guilty of a gross misdemeanor who negligently
16.22     stores or leaves a loaded firearm in a location where the person knows, or reasonably should
16.23     know, that a child is likely to gain access, unless reasonable action is taken to who owns or
16.24     possesses a firearm must secure the firearm against access by the child. when the firearm
16.25     is not in the direct physical control or reach of the person as follows: (1) unloaded and
16.26     equipped with a locking device; or (2) loaded or unloaded in a locked firearm storage unit.
16.27     A person who violates this subdivision is guilty of a crime and may be sentenced as provided
16.28     for in subdivision 2a.
16.29                     Subd. 2a.Penalties. (a) A person who violates subdivision 2 is guilty of a misdemeanor.
16.30     (b) A person who violates subdivision 2 is guilty of a gross misdemeanor if a firearm is
16.31     not secured and is loaded.
16.32     (c) A person who violates subdivision 2 is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to
16.33     three years in prison or a fine of up to $5,000, or both, if a loaded unsecured firearm is
17.1       accessed by a child or a person prohibited from possessing firearms under section 624.713,
17.2       subdivision 1.
17.3       (d) A person who violates subdivision 2 is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to
17.4       five years in prison or a fine of up to $10,000, or both, if an unsecured firearm is used in a
17.5       felony crime of violence or to inflict substantial or great bodily harm on, or to cause the
17.6       death of, someone other than the owner or authorized user of the firearm.
17.7                       Subd. 3.Limitations. Subdivision Subdivisions 2 does and 2a do not apply to a child's
17.8       access to firearms that was obtained as a result of an unlawful entry. a firearm:
17.9       (1) in a motor vehicle occupied by the person who owns or possesses the firearm if the
17.10     firearm is being transported in compliance with the requirements of section 97B.045,
17.11     subdivision 1, clause (1), (2), or (3);
17.12     (2) in a motor vehicle occupied by the person who owns or possesses the firearm and
17.13     transported under the exceptions described in section 97B.045, subdivision 2 or 3;
17.14     (3) being used at a shooting sport event controlled by the Minnesota State High School
17.15     League, including but not limited to the Minnesota State High School Clay Target League;
17.16     or
17.17     (4) owned or possessed by a peace officer as defined in section 626.84, subdivision 1,
17.18     paragraph (c), if the officer is engaged in the performance of official duties.

17.19     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
17.20     committed on or after that date.

17.21     Sec. 5. [609.6672] CIVIL ACTION FOR PUBLIC NUISANCE BY FIREARM
17.22     INDUSTRY MEMBER.
17.23                     Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the terms in this subdivision
17.24     have the meanings given.
17.25     (b) "Firearm industry member" means a person engaged in selling, manufacturing,
17.26     distributing, importing, or marketing a firearm-related product.
17.27     (c) "Firearm-related product" means a firearm; ammunition; a firearm component,
17.28     including unfinished firearm frames or receivers; or a firearm accessory that is:
17.29     (1) sold, made, distributed, or marketed in the state;
17.30     (2) intended to be sold, made, distributed, or marketed in the state; or
18.1       (3) possessed in the state and it is reasonably foreseeable that the product would be
18.2       possessed or used in the state.
18.3       (d) "Firearm trafficker" means a person who acquires, transfers, or attempts to acquire
18.4       or transfer a firearm for purposes of unlawful commerce.
18.5       (e) "Public nuisance" means a condition that injures, endangers, threatens to injure or
18.6       endanger, or contributes to the injury or endangerment of the health, safety, peace, comfort,
18.7       or convenience of others or otherwise constitutes a public nuisance under common law.
18.8       (f) "Reasonable controls" means reasonable procedures, safeguards, and business practices
18.9       that are designed to:
18.10     (1) prevent the sale or distribution of a firearm-related product to:
18.11     (i) a straw purchaser;
18.12     (ii) a firearm trafficker;
18.13     (iii) a person prohibited from possessing a firearm under state or federal law; or
18.14     (iv) a person who the firearm industry member has reasonable cause to believe is at
18.15     substantial risk of using a firearm-related product to harm themselves or unlawfully harm
18.16     another or of unlawfully possessing or using a firearm-related product;
18.17     (2) prevent the loss of a firearm-related product or theft of a firearm-related product
18.18     from a firearm industry member; and
18.19     (3) ensure that the firearm industry member complies with all provisions of state and
18.20     federal law and does not otherwise promote the unlawful manufacture, sale, possession,
18.21     marketing, or use of a firearm-related product.
18.22     (g) "Straw purchaser" means an individual who conceals, or intends to conceal, from a
18.23     person that the purchase of a firearm-related product is being made on behalf of a third
18.24     party. Straw purchaser does not include a bona fide gift to a person who is not prohibited
18.25     by law from possessing or receiving a firearm-related product. A gift to a person is not a
18.26     bona fide gift if the person has offered or given the purchaser a service or thing of value to
18.27     acquire the firearm-related product for the person.
18.28                     Subd. 2.Public nuisance prohibited. A firearm industry member, by conduct unlawful
18.29     in itself or unreasonable under all the circumstances, may not knowingly or recklessly create,
18.30     maintain, or contribute to a public nuisance by selling, manufacturing, importing, or
18.31     marketing a firearm-related product.
19.1                       Subd. 3.Reasonable controls required. A firearm industry member must establish and
19.2       implement reasonable controls for manufacturing, selling, distributing, using, and marketing
19.3       the firearm industry member's firearm-related products.
19.4                       Subd. 4.Penalty. (a) A violation of subdivision 2 or 3 is a public nuisance.
19.5       (b) A firearm industry member's conduct constitutes a proximate cause of the public
19.6       nuisance if the harm to the public is a reasonably foreseeable effect of the conduct,
19.7       notwithstanding any intervening actions, including criminal actions by third parties.
19.8                       Subd. 5.Enforcement. Whenever it appears to the attorney general that a firearm industry
19.9       member has engaged in or is engaging in conduct in violation of this section, the attorney
19.10     general may commence an action to seek and obtain any of the following:
19.11     (1) an injunction prohibiting the firearm industry member from continuing, engaging
19.12     in, or doing any acts in furtherance of the conduct;
19.13     (2) an order providing for abatement of the nuisance at the expense of the firearm industry
19.14     member;
19.15     (3) restitution;
19.16     (4) compensatory and punitive damages;
19.17     (5) reasonable attorney fees, filing fees, and reasonable costs of the action; or
19.18     (6) any other appropriate relief.
19.19                     Subd. 6.Private right to action. (a) A person that has been damaged as a result of a
19.20     firearm industry member's acts or omissions in violation of this section may commence an
19.21     action to seek and obtain any of the following:
19.22     (1) injunctive relief;
19.23     (2) compensatory and punitive damages; or
19.24     (3) reasonable attorney fees, filing fees, and reasonable costs of the action.
19.25     (b) If a person commences an action, the person must, within five days after filing the
19.26     complaint:
19.27     (1) notify the attorney general of the filing; and
19.28     (2) provide the attorney general with a copy of the complaint and any other documents
19.29     or pleadings filed with the complaint.
20.1                       Subd. 7.Prevailing in commenced action. To prevail in an action under this section,
20.2       the party seeking relief is not required to demonstrate that the firearm industry member
20.3       acted with the intent to engage in a public nuisance or otherwise cause harm to the public.
20.4                       Subd. 8.Construction. This section must not be construed or implied to limit or impair
20.5       the following:
20.6       (1) the right of a person to pursue a legal action under any other law; or
20.7       (2) an obligation or requirement placed on a firearm industry member by any other law.
20.8                       Subd. 9.Effect on common law. Nothing in this section is intended to restrict or alter
20.9       the availability of an action for relief from or to remedy a public nuisance at common law.

20.10     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to causes
20.11     of action accruing on or after that date.

20.12     Sec. 6. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.712, subdivision 7, is amended to read:
20.13                     Subd. 7.Semiautomatic military-style assault weapon. (a) "Semiautomatic
20.14     military-style assault weapon" means:
20.15     (1) any of the following firearms:
20.16     (i) Avtomat Kalashnikov (AK-47) semiautomatic rifle type;
20.17     (ii) Beretta AR-70 and BM-59 semiautomatic rifle types;
20.18     (iii) Colt AR-15 semiautomatic rifle type;
20.19     (iv) Daewoo Max-1 and Max-2 semiautomatic rifle types;
20.20     (v) Famas MAS semiautomatic rifle type;
20.21     (vi) Fabrique Nationale FN-LAR and FN-FNC semiautomatic rifle types;
20.22     (vii) Galil semiautomatic rifle type;
20.23     (viii) Heckler & Koch HK-91, HK-93, and HK-94 semiautomatic rifle types;
20.24     (ix) Ingram MAC-10 and MAC-11 semiautomatic pistol and carbine types;
20.25     (x) Intratec TEC-9 semiautomatic pistol type;
20.26     (xi) Sigarms SIG 550SP and SIG 551SP semiautomatic rifle types;
20.27     (xii) SKS with detachable magazine semiautomatic rifle type;
20.28     (xiii) Steyr AUG semiautomatic rifle type;
21.1       (xiv) Street Sweeper and Striker-12 revolving-cylinder shotgun types;
21.2       (xv) USAS-12 semiautomatic shotgun type;
21.3       (xvi) Uzi semiautomatic pistol and carbine types; or
21.4       (xvii) Valmet M76 and M78 semiautomatic rifle types;
21.5       (2) any firearm that is another model made by the same manufacturer as one of the
21.6       firearms listed in clause (1), and has the same action design as one of the listed firearms,
21.7       and is a redesigned, renamed, or renumbered version of one of the firearms listed in clause
21.8       (1), or has a slight modification or enhancement, including but not limited to a folding or
21.9       retractable stock; adjustable sight; case deflector for left-handed shooters; shorter barrel;
21.10     wooden, plastic, or metal stock; larger clip size; different caliber; or a bayonet mount; and
21.11     (3) any firearm that has been manufactured or sold by another company under a licensing
21.12     agreement with a manufacturer of one of the firearms listed in clause (1) entered into after
21.13     the effective date of Laws 1993, chapter 326, to manufacture or sell firearms that are identical
21.14     or nearly identical to those listed in clause (1), or described in clause (2), regardless of the
21.15     company of production or country of origin.
21.16     The weapons listed in clause (1), except those listed in items (iii), (ix), (x), (xiv), and
21.17     (xv), are the weapons the importation of which was barred by the Bureau of Alcohol,
21.18     Tobacco, and Firearms of the United States Department of the Treasury in July 1989.
21.19     Except as otherwise specifically provided in paragraph (d), a firearm is not a
21.20     "semiautomatic military-style assault weapon" if it is generally recognized as particularly
21.21     suitable for or readily adaptable to sporting purposes under United States Code, title 18,
21.22     section 925, paragraph (d)(3), or any regulations adopted pursuant to that law.
21.23     (b) Semiautomatic military-style assault weapon also includes any:
21.24     (1) semiautomatic rifle that has the capacity to accept a detachable magazine and has
21.25     one or more of the following:
21.26     (i) a pistol grip or thumbhole stock;
21.27     (ii) any feature capable of functioning as a protruding grip that can be held by the
21.28     nontrigger hand;
21.29     (iii) a folding or telescoping stock;
21.30     (iv) a shroud attached to the barrel, or that partially or completely encircles the barrel,
21.31     allowing the bearer to hold the firearm with the nontrigger hand without being burned, but
21.32     excluding a slide that encloses the barrel; or
22.1       (v) a flash suppressor;
22.2       (2) semiautomatic pistol or any semiautomatic, centerfire, or rimfire rifle with a fixed
22.3       magazine that has the capacity to accept more than ten rounds of ammunition;
22.4       (3) semiautomatic pistol that has the capacity to accept a detachable magazine and has
22.5       one or more of the following:
22.6       (i) any feature capable of functioning as a protruding grip that can be held by the
22.7       nontrigger hand;
22.8       (ii) a folding, telescoping, or thumbhole stock;
22.9       (iii) a shroud attached to the barrel, or that partially or completely encircles the barrel,
22.10     allowing the bearer to hold the firearm with the nontrigger hand without being burned, but
22.11     excluding a slide that encloses the barrel;
22.12     (iv) the capacity to accept a detachable magazine at any location outside of the pistol
22.13     grip; or
22.14     (v) a threaded barrel capable of accepting a barrel extension, flash suppressor, forward
22.15     hand grip, or silencer;
22.16     (4) semiautomatic shotgun that has one or more of the following:
22.17     (i) a pistol grip or thumbhole stock;
22.18     (ii) any feature capable of functioning as a protruding grip that can be held by the
22.19     nontrigger hand;
22.20     (iii) a folding or telescoping stock;
22.21     (iv) a fixed magazine capacity in excess of ten rounds; or
22.22     (v) an ability to accept a detachable magazine;
22.23     (5) shotgun with a revolving cylinder; or
22.24     (6) conversion kit, part, or combination of parts from which a semiautomatic military-style
22.25     assault weapon can be assembled if those parts are in the possession or under the control
22.26     of the same person.
22.27     (c) Semiautomatic military-style assault weapon does not mean any firearm described
22.28     in this paragraph that has been made permanently inoperable.

23.1       Sec. 7. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.712, is amended by adding a subdivision to
23.2       read:
23.3                       Subd. 22.Large-capacity magazine. "Large-capacity magazine" means any ammunition
23.4       feeding device with the capacity to accept more than ten rounds or any conversion kit, part,
23.5       or combination of parts from which this type of device can be assembled if those parts are
23.6       in the possession or under the control of the same person. Large-capacity magazine does
23.7       not mean any of the following:
23.8       (1) a feeding device that has been permanently altered so that it cannot accommodate
23.9       more than ten rounds;
23.10     (2) a .22 caliber tube ammunition feeding device; or
23.11     (3) a tubular magazine that is contained in a lever-action firearm.

23.12     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective July 1, 2026.

23.13     Sec. 8. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.713, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
23.14                     Subdivision 1.Ineligible persons. The following persons shall not be entitled to possess
23.15     ammunition or a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon or, except for clause
23.16     (1), any other firearm:
23.17     (1) a person under the age of 18 years except that a person under 18 may possess
23.18     ammunition designed for use in a firearm that the person may lawfully possess and may
23.19     carry or possess a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon (i) in the actual
23.20     presence or under the direct supervision of the person's parent or guardian, (ii) for the
23.21     purpose of military drill under the auspices of a legally recognized military organization
23.22     and under competent supervision, (iii) or (ii) for the purpose of instruction, competition, or
23.23     target practice on a firing range approved by the chief of police or county sheriff in whose
23.24     jurisdiction the range is located and under direct supervision; or (iv). A person under 18
23.25     may possess ammunition designed for use in a firearm that the person may lawfully possess
23.26     and may carry or possess a pistol if the person (i) has successfully completed a course
23.27     designed to teach marksmanship and safety with a pistol or semiautomatic military-style
23.28     assault weapon and approved by the commissioner of natural resources, or (ii) is in the
23.29     actual presence or under the direct supervision of the person's parent or guardian;
23.30     (2) except as otherwise provided in clause (9), a person who has been convicted of, or
23.31     adjudicated delinquent or convicted as an extended jurisdiction juvenile for committing, in
23.32     this state or elsewhere, a crime of violence. For purposes of this section, crime of violence
24.1       includes crimes in other states or jurisdictions which would have been crimes of violence
24.2       as herein defined if they had been committed in this state;
24.3       (3) a person who is or has ever been committed in Minnesota or elsewhere by a judicial
24.4       determination that the person is mentally ill, developmentally disabled, or mentally ill and
24.5       dangerous to the public, as defined in section 253B.02, to a treatment facility, or who has
24.6       ever been found incompetent to stand trial or not guilty by reason of mental illness, unless
24.7       the person's ability to possess a firearm and ammunition has been restored under subdivision
24.8       4;
24.9       (4) a person who has been convicted in Minnesota or elsewhere of a misdemeanor or
24.10     gross misdemeanor violation of chapter 152, unless three years have elapsed since the date
24.11     of conviction and, during that time, the person has not been convicted of any other such
24.12     violation of chapter 152 or a similar law of another state; or a person who is or has ever
24.13     been committed by a judicial determination for treatment for the habitual use of a controlled
24.14     substance or marijuana, as defined in sections 152.01 and 152.02, unless the person's ability
24.15     to possess a firearm and ammunition has been restored under subdivision 4;
24.16     (5) a person who has been committed to a treatment facility in Minnesota or elsewhere
24.17     by a judicial determination that the person is chemically dependent as defined in section
24.18     253B.02, unless the person has completed treatment or the person's ability to possess a
24.19     firearm and ammunition has been restored under subdivision 4. Property rights may not be
24.20     abated but access may be restricted by the courts;
24.21     (6) a peace officer who is informally admitted to a treatment facility pursuant to section
24.22     253B.04 for chemical dependency, unless the officer possesses a certificate from the head
24.23     of the treatment facility discharging or provisionally discharging the officer from the
24.24     treatment facility. Property rights may not be abated but access may be restricted by the
24.25     courts;
24.26     (7) a person, including a person under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court, who has
24.27     been charged with committing a crime of violence and has been placed in a pretrial diversion
24.28     program by the court before disposition, until the person has completed the diversion program
24.29     and the charge of committing the crime of violence has been dismissed;
24.30     (8) except as otherwise provided in clause (9), a person who has been convicted in
24.31     another state of committing an offense similar to the offense described in section 609.224,
24.32     subdivision 3, against a family or household member or section 609.2242, subdivision 3,
24.33     unless three years have elapsed since the date of conviction and, during that time, the person
25.1       has not been convicted of any other violation of section 609.224, subdivision 3, or 609.2242,
25.2       subdivision 3, or a similar law of another state;
25.3       (9) a person who has been convicted in this state or elsewhere of assaulting a family or
25.4       household member and who was found by the court to have used a firearm in any way
25.5       during commission of the assault is prohibited from possessing any type of firearm or
25.6       ammunition for the period determined by the sentencing court;
25.7       (10) a person who:
25.8       (i) has been convicted in any court of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term
25.9       exceeding one year;
25.10     (ii) is a fugitive from justice as a result of having fled from any state to avoid prosecution
25.11     for a crime or to avoid giving testimony in any criminal proceeding;
25.12     (iii) is an unlawful user of any controlled substance as defined in chapter 152. The use
25.13     of medical cannabis flower or medical cannabinoid products by a patient enrolled in the
25.14     registry program or the use of adult-use cannabis flower, adult-use cannabis products,
25.15     lower-potency hemp edibles, or hemp-derived consumer products by a person 21 years of
25.16     age or older does not constitute the unlawful use of a controlled substance under this item;
25.17     (iv) has been judicially committed to a treatment facility in Minnesota or elsewhere as
25.18     a person who is mentally ill, developmentally disabled, or mentally ill and dangerous to the
25.19     public, as defined in section 253B.02;
25.20     (v) is an alien who is illegally or unlawfully in the United States;
25.21     (vi) has been discharged from the armed forces of the United States under dishonorable
25.22     conditions;
25.23     (vii) has renounced the person's citizenship having been a citizen of the United States;
25.24     or
25.25     (viii) is disqualified from possessing a firearm under United States Code, title 18, section
25.26     922(g)(8) or (9), as amended through March 1, 2014;
25.27     (11) a person who has been convicted of the following offenses at the gross misdemeanor
25.28     level, unless three years have elapsed since the date of conviction and, during that time, the
25.29     person has not been convicted of any other violation of these sections: section 609.229
25.30     (crimes committed for the benefit of a gang); 609.2231, subdivision 4 (assaults motivated
25.31     by bias); 609.255 (false imprisonment); 609.378 (neglect or endangerment of a child);
25.32     609.582, subdivision 4 (burglary in the fourth degree); 609.665 (setting a spring gun);
26.1       609.666 (storage of firearms);609.71 (riot); or 609.749 (harassment or stalking). For purposes
26.2       of this paragraph, the specified gross misdemeanor convictions include crimes committed
26.3       in other states or jurisdictions which would have been gross misdemeanors if conviction
26.4       occurred in this state;
26.5       (12) a person who has been convicted of a violation of section 609.224 if the court
26.6       determined that the assault was against a family or household member in accordance with
26.7       section 609.2242, subdivision 3 (domestic assault), unless three years have elapsed since
26.8       the date of conviction and, during that time, the person has not been convicted of another
26.9       violation of section 609.224 or a violation of a section listed in clause (11);
26.10     (13) a person who is subject to an order for protection as described in section 260C.201,
26.11     subdivision 3, paragraph (d), or 518B.01, subdivision 6, paragraph (g); or
26.12     (14) a person who is subject to an extreme risk protection order as described in section
26.13     624.7172 or 624.7174.
26.14     A person who issues a certificate pursuant to this section in good faith is not liable for
26.15     damages resulting or arising from the actions or misconduct with a firearm or ammunition
26.16     committed by the individual who is the subject of the certificate.
26.17     The prohibition in this subdivision relating to the possession of firearms other than
26.18     pistols and semiautomatic military-style assault weapons does not apply retroactively to
26.19     persons who are prohibited from possessing a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault
26.20     weapon under this subdivision before August 1, 1994.
26.21     The lifetime prohibition on possessing, receiving, shipping, or transporting firearms and
26.22     ammunition for persons convicted or adjudicated delinquent of a crime of violence in clause
26.23     (2), applies only to offenders who are discharged from sentence or court supervision for a
26.24     crime of violence on or after August 1, 1993.
26.25     Participation as a patient in the registry program or use of adult-use cannabis flower,
26.26     adult-use cannabis products, lower-potency hemp edibles, or hemp-derived consumer
26.27     products by a person 21 years of age or older does not disqualify the person from possessing
26.28     firearms and ammunition under this section.
26.29     For purposes of this section, "judicial determination" means a court proceeding pursuant
26.30     to sections 253B.07 to 253B.09 or a comparable law from another state.

26.31     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
26.32     committed on or after that date.

27.1       Sec. 9. Minnesota Statutes 2025 Supplement, section 624.7131, subdivision 1, is amended
27.2       to read:
27.3                       Subdivision 1.Information. Any person may apply for a transferee permit by providing
27.4       the following information in writing to the chief of police of an organized full time police
27.5       department of the municipality in which the person resides or to the county sheriff if there
27.6       is no such local chief of police:
27.7       (1) the name, residence, telephone number, and driver's license number or
27.8       nonqualification certificate number, if any, of the proposed transferee;
27.9       (2) the sex, date of birth, height, weight, and color of eyes, and distinguishing physical
27.10     characteristics, if any, of the proposed transferee;
27.11     (3) a statement that the proposed transferee authorizes the release to the local police
27.12     authority of commitment information about the proposed transferee maintained by the Direct
27.13     Care and Treatment executive board, to the extent that the information relates to the proposed
27.14     transferee's eligibility to possess a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon
27.15     under section 624.713, subdivision 1; and
27.16     (4) a statement by the proposed transferee that the proposed transferee is not prohibited
27.17     by section 624.713 from possessing a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon.
27.18     The statements shall be signed and dated by the person applying for a permit. At the
27.19     time of application, the local police authority shall provide the applicant with a dated receipt
27.20     for the application. The statement under clause (3) must comply with any applicable
27.21     requirements of Code of Federal Regulations, title 42, sections 2.31 to 2.35, with respect
27.22     to consent to disclosure of alcohol or drug abuse patient records.

27.23     Sec. 10. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7131, subdivision 10, is amended to read:
27.24                     Subd. 10.Transfer report not required. A person who transfers a pistol or
27.25     semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a person exhibiting a valid transferee permit
27.26     issued pursuant to this section or a valid permit to carry issued pursuant to section 624.714
27.27     is not required to file a transfer report pursuant to section 624.7132, subdivision 1.

27.28     Sec. 11. Minnesota Statutes 2025 Supplement, section 624.7132, subdivision 1, is amended
27.29     to read:
27.30                     Subdivision 1.Required information. Except as provided in this section and section
27.31     624.7131, every person who agrees to transfer a pistol or semiautomatic military-style
27.32     assault weapon shall report the following information in writing to the chief of police of
28.1       the organized full-time police department of the municipality where the proposed transferee
28.2       resides or to the appropriate county sheriff if there is no such local chief of police:
28.3       (1) the name, residence, telephone number, and driver's license number or
28.4       nonqualification certificate number, if any, of the proposed transferee;
28.5       (2) the sex, date of birth, height, weight, and color of eyes, and distinguishing physical
28.6       characteristics, if any, of the proposed transferee;
28.7       (3) a statement that the proposed transferee authorizes the release to the local police
28.8       authority of commitment information about the proposed transferee maintained by the Direct
28.9       Care and Treatment executive board, to the extent that the information relates to the proposed
28.10     transferee's eligibility to possess a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon
28.11     under section 624.713, subdivision 1;
28.12     (4) a statement by the proposed transferee that the transferee is not prohibited by section
28.13     624.713 from possessing a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon; and
28.14     (5) the address of the place of business of the transferor.
28.15     The report shall be signed and dated by the transferor and the proposed transferee. The
28.16     report shall be delivered by the transferor to the chief of police or sheriff no later than three
28.17     days after the date of the agreement to transfer, excluding weekends and legal holidays.
28.18     The statement under clause (3) must comply with any applicable requirements of Code of
28.19     Federal Regulations, title 42, sections 2.31 to 2.35, with respect to consent to disclosure of
28.20     alcohol or drug abuse patient records.

28.21     Sec. 12. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7132, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
28.22                     Subd. 3.Notification. The chief of police or sheriff shall notify the transferor and
28.23     proposed transferee in writing as soon as possible if the chief or sheriff determines that the
28.24     proposed transferee is prohibited by section 624.713 from possessing a pistol or
28.25     semiautomatic military-style assault weapon. The notification to the transferee shall specify
28.26     the grounds for the disqualification of the proposed transferee and shall set forth in detail
28.27     the transferee's right of appeal under subdivision 13.

28.28     Sec. 13. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7132, subdivision 4, is amended to read:
28.29                     Subd. 4.Delivery. Except as otherwise provided in subdivision 7 or 8, no person shall
28.30     deliver a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a proposed transferee
28.31     until 30 days after the date the agreement to transfer is delivered to a chief of police or
28.32     sheriff in accordance with subdivision 1 unless the chief of police or sheriff waives all or
29.1       a portion of the waiting period. The chief of police or sheriff may waive all or a portion of
29.2       the waiting period in writing if the chief of police or sheriff: (1) determines the proposed
29.3       transferee is not disqualified prior to the waiting period concluding; or (2) finds that the
29.4       transferee requires access to a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon because
29.5       of a threat to the life of the transferee or of any member of the household of the transferee.
29.6       Prior to modifying the waiting period under the authority granted in clause (2), the chief of
29.7       police or sheriff must first determine that the proposed transferee is not prohibited from
29.8       possessing a firearm under state or federal law.
29.9       No person shall deliver a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a
29.10     proposed transferee after receiving a written notification that the chief of police or sheriff
29.11     has determined that the proposed transferee is prohibited by section 624.713 from possessing
29.12     a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon.
29.13     If the transferor makes a report of transfer and receives no written notification of
29.14     disqualification of the proposed transferee within 30 business days after delivery of the
29.15     agreement to transfer, the pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon may be
29.16     delivered to the transferee, unless the transferor knows the transferee is ineligible to possess
29.17     a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon.

29.18     Sec. 14. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7132, subdivision 5, is amended to read:
29.19                     Subd. 5.Grounds for disqualification. (a) The chief of police or sheriff shall deny an
29.20     application if the proposed transferee is: (1) prohibited by state or federal law from possessing
29.21     a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon; (2) determined to be a danger to
29.22     self or the public when in possession of firearms under paragraph (b); or (3) listed in the
29.23     criminal gang investigative data system under section 299C.091.
29.24     (b) A chief of police or sheriff shall deny an application if there exists a substantial
29.25     likelihood that the proposed transferee is a danger to self or the public when in possession
29.26     of a firearm. To deny the application under this paragraph, the chief of police or sheriff
29.27     must provide the applicant with written notification and the specific factual basis justifying
29.28     the denial, including the source of the factual basis. The chief of police or sheriff must
29.29     inform the applicant of the applicant's right to submit, within 20 business days, any additional
29.30     documentation relating to the propriety of the denial. Upon receiving any additional
29.31     documentation, the chief of police or sheriff must reconsider the denial and inform the
29.32     applicant within 15 business days of the result of the reconsideration. Any denial after
29.33     reconsideration must be in the same form and substance as the original denial and must
29.34     specifically address any continued deficiencies in light of the additional documentation
30.1       submitted by the applicant. The applicant must be informed of the right to seek de novo
30.2       review of the denial as provided in subdivision 13.
30.3       (c) A chief of police or sheriff need not process an application under this section if the
30.4       person has had an application denied pursuant to paragraph (b) and less than six months
30.5       have elapsed since the denial was issued or the person's appeal under subdivision 13 was
30.6       denied, whichever is later.
30.7       (d) A chief of police or sheriff who denies an application pursuant to paragraph (b) must
30.8       provide a copy of the notice of disqualification to the chief of police or sheriff with joint
30.9       jurisdiction over the applicant's residence.

30.10     Sec. 15. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7132, subdivision 10, is amended to read:
30.11                     Subd. 10.Restriction on records. Except as provided for in section 624.7134, subdivision
30.12     3, paragraph (e), if, after a determination that the transferee is not a person prohibited by
30.13     section 624.713 from possessing a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon,
30.14     a transferee requests that no record be maintained of the fact of who is the transferee of a
30.15     pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon, the chief of police or sheriff shall
30.16     sign the transfer report and return it to the transferee as soon as possible. Thereafter, no
30.17     government employee or agency shall maintain a record of the transfer that identifies the
30.18     transferee, and the transferee shall retain the report of transfer.

30.19     Sec. 16. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7132, subdivision 12, is amended to read:
30.20                     Subd. 12.Exclusions. Except as otherwise provided in section 609.66, subdivision 1f,
30.21     this section shall not apply to transfers of antique firearms as curiosities or for their historical
30.22     significance or value, transfers to or between federally licensed firearms dealers, transfers
30.23     by order of court, involuntary transfers, transfers at death or the following transfers:
30.24     (1) a transfer by a person other than a federally licensed firearms dealer;
30.25     (2) a loan to a prospective transferee if the loan is intended for a period of no more than
30.26     one day;
30.27     (3) the delivery of a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a person
30.28     for the purpose of repair, reconditioning or remodeling;
30.29     (4) a loan by a teacher to a student in a course designed to teach marksmanship or safety
30.30     with a pistol and approved by the commissioner of natural resources;
30.31     (5) a loan between persons at a firearms collectors exhibition;
31.1       (6) a loan between persons lawfully engaged in hunting or target shooting if the loan is
31.2       intended for a period of no more than 12 hours;
31.3       (7) a loan between law enforcement officers who have the power to make arrests other
31.4       than citizen arrests; and
31.5       (8) a loan between employees or between the employer and an employee in a business
31.6       if the employee is required to carry a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon
31.7       by reason of employment and is the holder of a valid permit to carry a pistol.

31.8       Sec. 17. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7132, subdivision 15, is amended to read:
31.9                       Subd. 15.Penalties. (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b), a person who
31.10     does any of the following is guilty of a gross misdemeanor:
31.11     (1) transfers a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon in violation of
31.12     subdivisions 1 to 13;
31.13     (2) transfers a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a person who
31.14     has made a false statement in order to become a transferee, if the transferor knows or has
31.15     reason to know the transferee has made the false statement;
31.16     (3) knowingly becomes a transferee in violation of subdivisions 1 to 13; or
31.17     (4) makes a false statement in order to become a transferee of a pistol or semiautomatic
31.18     military-style assault weapon knowing or having reason to know the statement is false.
31.19     (b) A person who does either of the following is guilty of a felony:
31.20     (1) transfers a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a person under
31.21     the age of 18 in violation of subdivisions 1 to 13; or
31.22     (2) transfers a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a person under
31.23     the age of 18 who has made a false statement in order to become a transferee, if the transferor
31.24     knows or has reason to know the transferee has made the false statement.

31.25     Sec. 18. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7134, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
31.26                     Subd. 2.Background check and evidence of identity. An unlicensed person is prohibited
31.27     from transferring a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to any other
31.28     unlicensed person, unless: (1) the transfer is made through a firearms dealer as provided
31.29     for in subdivision 3; or (2) the transferee presents a valid transferee permit issued under
31.30     section 624.7131 and a current state or federally issued identification.

32.1       Sec. 19. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7134, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
32.2                       Subd. 3.Background check conducted by federally licensed firearms dealer. (a)
32.3       Where both parties to a prospective transfer of a pistol or semiautomatic military-style
32.4       assault weapon are unlicensed persons, the transferor and transferee may appear jointly
32.5       before a federally licensed firearms dealer with the firearm and request that the federally
32.6       licensed firearms dealer conduct a background check on the transferee and facilitate the
32.7       transfer.
32.8       (b) Except as otherwise provided in this section, a federally licensed firearms dealer
32.9       who agrees to facilitate a transfer under this section shall:
32.10     (1) process the transfer as though transferring the firearm from the dealer's inventory to
32.11     the transferee; and
32.12     (2) comply with all requirements of federal and state law that would apply if the firearms
32.13     dealer were making the transfer, including at a minimum all background checks and record
32.14     keeping requirements. The exception to the report of transfer process in section 624.7132,
32.15     subdivision 12, clause (1), does not apply to transfers completed under this subdivision.
32.16     (c) If the transferee is prohibited by federal law from purchasing or possessing the firearm
32.17     or not entitled under state law to possess the firearm, neither the federally licensed firearms
32.18     dealer nor the transferor shall transfer the firearm to the transferee.
32.19     (d) Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, this section shall not prevent the
32.20     transferor from:
32.21     (1) removing the firearm from the premises of the federally licensed firearms dealer, or
32.22     the gun show or event where the federally licensed firearms dealer is conducting business,
32.23     as applicable, while the background check is being conducted, provided that the transferor
32.24     must return to the federally licensed firearms dealer with the transferee before the transfer
32.25     takes place, and the federally licensed firearms dealer must take possession of the firearm
32.26     in order to complete the transfer; and
32.27     (2) removing the firearm from the business premises of the federally licensed firearms
32.28     dealer if the results of the background check indicate the transferee is prohibited by federal
32.29     law from purchasing or possessing the firearm or not entitled under state law to possess the
32.30     firearm.
32.31     (e) A transferee who consents to participate in a transfer under this subdivision is not
32.32     entitled to have the transfer report returned as provided for in section 624.7132, subdivision
32.33     10.
33.1       (f) A firearms dealer may charge a reasonable fee for conducting a background check
33.2       and facilitating a transfer between the transferor and transferee pursuant to this section.

33.3       Sec. 20. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7134, subdivision 4, is amended to read:
33.4                       Subd. 4.Record of transfer; required information. (a) Unless a transfer is made
33.5       through a firearms dealer as provided for in subdivision 3, when two unlicensed persons
33.6       complete the transfer of a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon, the transferor
33.7       and transferee must complete a record of transfer on a form designed and made publicly
33.8       available without fee for this purpose by the superintendent of the Bureau of Criminal
33.9       Apprehension. Each page of the record of transfer must be signed and dated by the transferor
33.10     and the transferee and contain the serial number of the pistol or semiautomatic military-style
33.11     assault weapon.
33.12     (b) The record of transfer must contain the following information:
33.13     (1) a clear copy of each person's current state or federally issued identification;
33.14     (2) a clear copy of the transferee permit presented by the transferee; and
33.15     (3) a signed statement by the transferee swearing that the transferee is not currently
33.16     prohibited by state or federal law from possessing a firearm.
33.17     (c) The record of transfer must also contain the following information regarding the
33.18     transferred pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon:
33.19     (1) the type of pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon;
33.20     (2) the manufacturer, make, and model of the pistol or semiautomatic military-style
33.21     assault weapon; and
33.22     (3) the pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon's pistol's
33.23     manufacturer-assigned serial number.
33.24     (d) Both the transferor and the transferee must retain a copy of the record of transfer
33.25     and any attachments to the record of transfer for 10 years from the date of the transfer. A
33.26     copy in digital form shall be acceptable for the purposes of this paragraph.

33.27     Sec. 21. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7134, subdivision 5, is amended to read:
33.28                     Subd. 5.Compulsory production of a record of transfer; misdemeanor penalty. (a)
33.29     Unless a transfer was completed under subdivision 3, the transferor and transferee of a pistol
33.30     or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon transferred under subdivision 4 must produce
34.1       the record of transfer when a peace officer requests the record as part of a criminal
34.2       investigation.
34.3       (b) A person who refuses or is unable to produce a record of transfer for a firearm
34.4       transferred under this section in response to a request for production made by a peace officer
34.5       pursuant to paragraph (a) is guilty of a misdemeanor. A prosecution or conviction for
34.6       violation of this subdivision is not a bar to conviction of, or punishment for, any other crime
34.7       committed involving the transferred firearm.
34.8       (c) This subdivision applies to records of transfers of semiautomatic military-style assault
34.9       weapons under this section occurring before January 1, 2027.

34.10     Sec. 22. [624.7139] LOST OR STOLEN FIREARMS.
34.11                     Subdivision 1.Duty to report. A person who owns, possesses, or controls a firearm
34.12     must report the loss or theft of the firearm to a law enforcement agency in the jurisdiction
34.13     in which the loss or theft occurred as soon as practicable but not later than within 48 hours
34.14     of the time the person knew or reasonably should have known of the loss or theft.
34.15                     Subd. 2.Penalty. (a) A person who violates this section is guilty of a petty misdemeanor.
34.16     (b) A person who violates this section a second time is guilty of a misdemeanor.
34.17     (c) A person who violates this section a third or subsequent time is guilty of a gross
34.18     misdemeanor.
34.19                     Subd. 3.Immunity. A person who reports a lost or stolen firearm in compliance with
34.20     the requirements of subdivision 1 is immune from criminal prosecution for state law offenses
34.21     related to the storage of firearms.
34.22                     Subd. 4.Report to commissioner of public safety. A chief of police or sheriff must
34.23     report a lost or stolen firearm to the commissioner of public safety within seven days of
34.24     receiving notification of the loss or theft under this section.

34.25     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to acts
34.26     committed on or after that date.

34.27     Sec. 23. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7141, subdivision 1, is amended to read:
34.28                     Subdivision 1.Transfer prohibited. (a) A person is guilty of a felony and may be
34.29     sentenced to imprisonment for up to two years and to payment of a fine of not more than
34.30     $10,000 if the person intentionally transfers a firearm to another and the person knows or
34.31     reasonably should know that the transferee:
35.1       (1) has been denied a permit to carry under section 624.714 because the transferee is
35.2       not eligible under section 624.713 to possess a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault
35.3       weapon or any other firearm;
35.4       (2) has been found ineligible to possess a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault
35.5       weapon by a chief of police or sheriff as a result of an application for a transferee permit
35.6       or a transfer report; or
35.7       (3) is disqualified under section 624.713 from possessing a pistol or semiautomatic
35.8       military-style assault weapon or any other firearm.
35.9       (b) Paragraph (a) does not apply to the transfer of a firearm other than a pistol or
35.10     semiautomatic military-style assault weapon to a person under the age of 18 who is not
35.11     disqualified from possessing any other firearm.

35.12     Sec. 24. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7141, subdivision 3, is amended to read:
35.13                     Subd. 3.Subsequent eligibility. This section is not applicable to a transfer to a person
35.14     who became eligible to possess a pistol or semiautomatic military-style assault weapon
35.15     under section 624.713 after the transfer occurred but before the transferee used or possessed
35.16     the weapon in furtherance of any crime.

35.17     Sec. 25. [624.7145] SEMIAUTOMATIC MILITARY-STYLE ASSAULT WEAPONS;
35.18     PROHIBITION.
35.19                     Subdivision 1.Definitions. For purposes of this section:
35.20     (1) "appropriate law enforcement agency" means the organized full-time police
35.21     department of the municipality where the person resides or the county sheriff if there is no
35.22     municipal police department where the person resides; and
35.23     (2) "transfer" means a sale, gift, loan, assignment, or other delivery to another, whether
35.24     or not for consideration.
35.25                     Subd. 2.Prohibition. It is unlawful for a person to transfer, own, or possess
35.26     semiautomatic military-style assault weapons.
35.27                     Subd. 3.Exceptions. Subdivision 2 does not apply to:
35.28     (1) any government officer, agent, or employee; member of the armed forces of the
35.29     United States; or peace officer, to the extent that the person is otherwise authorized to acquire
35.30     or possess a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon and does so while acting within
35.31     the scope of the person's duties;
36.1       (2) the manufacture of a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon by a firearms
36.2       manufacturer for the purpose of sale to any branch of the armed forces of the United States
36.3       or to a law enforcement agency within Minnesota for use by that agency or the agency's
36.4       employees, provided the manufacturer is properly licensed under applicable laws; or
36.5       (3) the transfer of a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon by a dealer that is
36.6       properly licensed under applicable laws to any branch of the armed forces of the United
36.7       States or to a law enforcement agency within Minnesota for use by that agency or the
36.8       agency's employees for law enforcement, provided that the dealer does not have the
36.9       semiautomatic military-style assault weapon in possession for more than 120 days from the
36.10     date of acquisition to the date of delivery to the armed forces or law enforcement purchaser.
36.11                     Subd. 4.Current owners; certification of ownership of semiautomatic military-style
36.12     assault weapons. (a) A person who legally owned or possessed a semiautomatic
36.13     military-style assault weapon before January 1, 2027, and who desires to keep ownership
36.14     or possession of the device must request certification of ownership of the device from the
36.15     Bureau of Criminal Apprehension by May 1, 2027. The Bureau of Criminal Apprehension
36.16     must provide the person with a duplicate copy of their request for certification. Each time
36.17     a certificate is issued or renewed, the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension must provide a
36.18     copy of the certificate to both the owner of the firearm and to the appropriate law enforcement
36.19     agency.
36.20     (b) A person described in paragraph (a) must:
36.21     (1) safely and securely store the device pursuant to the regulations adopted by the Bureau
36.22     of Criminal Apprehension;
36.23     (2) agree to allow the appropriate law enforcement agency to inspect the storage of the
36.24     device to ensure compliance with this subdivision;
36.25     (3) renew the certification of ownership every three years;
36.26     (4) possess the device only on property owned or immediately controlled by the person,
36.27     while engaged in the legal use of the device at a duly licensed firing range, or while
36.28     transporting the item in compliance with applicable law; and
36.29     (5) report the loss or theft of the device to the appropriate law enforcement agency within
36.30     48 hours of the time the discovery of the loss or theft was made or should have been made.
36.31     (c) Semiautomatic military-style assault weapons regulated under this subdivision must
36.32     not be transferred, except for transfer to the appropriate law enforcement agency for the
36.33     purpose of surrendering the item for destruction.
37.1       (d) The certified owner or possessor of a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon
37.2       must not purchase or receive additional semiautomatic military-style assault weapons.
37.3       (e) The appropriate law enforcement agency  may charge a fee for each certification and
37.4       certification renewal pursuant to this subdivision.
37.5       (f) Persons acquiring semiautomatic military-style assault weapons by inheritance,
37.6       bequest, or succession must, within 120 days of acquiring title, do one of the following:
37.7       (1) surrender the device to the appropriate law enforcement agency for destruction;
37.8       (2) modify the device to render it permanently inoperable; or
37.9       (3) remove the device from the state.
37.10     (g) A person who owns or possesses a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon
37.11     before January 1, 2027, who does not elect to certify ownership of the device as required
37.12     in this subdivision must do one of the following before January 1, 2027:
37.13     (1) surrender the device to the appropriate law enforcement agency for destruction;
37.14     (2) modify the device to render it permanently inoperable; or
37.15     (3) remove the device from the state.
37.16     (h) The superintendent of the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension must:
37.17     (1) adopt regulations specifying how a person who lawfully owns a semiautomatic
37.18     military-style assault weapon must safely and securely store the device when the device is
37.19     not being used; and
37.20     (2) implement a certification system.
37.21                     Subd. 5.Penalties. (a) A person who violates subdivision 2 or 4, paragraph (a) or (g),
37.22     is guilty of a felony and may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years or
37.23     to payment of a fine of not more than $25,000, or both.
37.24     (b) A person who knowingly violates subdivision 4, paragraph (b), (c), (d), or (f), is
37.25     guilty of a gross misdemeanor. A person who is convicted of a second or subsequent violation
37.26     is guilty of a felony.
37.27     (c) Notwithstanding sections 609.035 and 609.04, a prosecution or conviction for violation
37.28     of this section is not a bar to conviction of, or punishment for, any other crime.
37.29                     Subd. 6.Data practices. Data on individuals collected, created, received, maintained,
37.30     or disseminated under subdivision 4 by the Bureau of Criminal Apprehension or another
38.1       law enforcement agency are classified as private data on individuals, as defined by section
38.2       13.02, subdivision 12.

38.3       EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective August 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
38.4       committed on or after that date.

38.5       Sec. 26. [624.7146] LARGE-CAPACITY MAGAZINES; PROHIBITION.
38.6                       Subdivision 1.Definitions. For purposes of this section, the following terms have the
38.7       meanings given:
38.8       (1) "appropriate law enforcement agency" means the organized full-time police
38.9       department of the municipality where the person resides or the county sheriff if there is no
38.10     municipal police department where the person resides; and
38.11     (2) "transfer" means a sale, gift, loan, assignment, or other delivery to another person,
38.12     whether or not for consideration.
38.13                     Subd. 2.Prohibition. It is unlawful for a person to manufacture, import, transfer, own,
38.14     or possess large-capacity magazines.
38.15                     Subd. 3.Exceptions. Subdivision 2 does not apply to:
38.16     (1) any government officer, agent, or employee; member of the armed forces of the
38.17     United States; or peace officer, to the extent that the person is otherwise authorized to acquire
38.18     or possess a large-capacity magazine and does so while acting within the scope of the
38.19     person's duties;
38.20     (2) the manufacture of a large-capacity magazine for the purpose of sale to any branch
38.21     of the armed forces of the United States or to a law enforcement agency within Minnesota
38.22     for use by that agency or the agency's employees, provided the manufacturer is properly
38.23     licensed under applicable laws; or
38.24     (3) the transfer of a large-capacity magazine by a dealer that is properly licensed under
38.25     applicable laws to any branch of the armed forces of the United States or to a law enforcement
38.26     agency within Minnesota for use by that agency or the agency's employees for law
38.27     enforcement, provided that the dealer does not have the large-capacity magazine in possession
38.28     for more than 120 days from the date of acquisition to the date of delivery to the armed
38.29     forces or law enforcement purchaser.
38.30                     Subd. 4.Penalty. A person who violates subdivision 2 is guilty of a felony and may be
38.31     sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more
38.32     than $25,000, or both.
39.1                       Subd. 5.Current owners of large-capacity magazines. (a) A person who owned or
39.2       possessed a large-capacity magazine before July 1, 2026, must do one of the following
39.3       before July 1, 2027:
39.4       (1) surrender the device to the appropriate law enforcement agency for destruction;
39.5       (2) modify the device to render it permanently inoperable;
39.6       (3) permanently alter the device so it cannot accommodate more than ten rounds; or
39.7       (4) remove the device from the state.
39.8       (b) A person acquiring a large-capacity magazine by inheritance, bequest, or succession
39.9       must, within 120 days of acquiring title, do one of the following:
39.10     (1) surrender the device to the appropriate law enforcement agency for destruction;
39.11     (2) modify the device to render it permanently inoperable;
39.12     (3) permanently alter the device so it cannot accommodate more than ten rounds; or
39.13     (4) remove the device from the state.

39.14     EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective July 1, 2026, and applies to crimes
39.15     committed on or after that date.

39.16     Sec. 27. [624.7147] SERIAL NUMBERS; GHOST GUNS.
39.17                     Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section and sections 624.7146 and
39.18     624.7147, the following terms have the meanings given.
39.19     (b) "Federal firearms licensee" means a licensed importer, manufacturer, or dealer under
39.20     United States Code, title 18, section 921(a)(9-11).
39.21     (c) "Ghost gun" means a firearm or a finished or unfinished frame or receiver that:
39.22     (1) lacks a unique serial number engraved or imprinted in metal alloy on the frame or
39.23     receiver;
39.24     (2) is undetectable by a metal detector under the terms of United States Code, title 18,
39.25     section 922(p), or can be readily modified to become undetectable; or
39.26     (3) is manufactured by a three-dimensional printer or computer numerical control milling
39.27     machine by a person who is not a federally licensed firearm manufacturer.
39.28     Ghost gun does not include any firearm or unfinished frame or receiver that is permanently
39.29     inoperable; is an antique firearm, as defined in section 624.712, subdivision 3; or was
39.30     manufactured prior to 1968.
40.1       (d) "Unfinished frame or receiver" means a forging, casting, printing, extrusion, machined
40.2       body, or similar article that has reached a stage where it may be readily completed, assembled,
40.3       or converted into a functional firearm.
40.4       (e) "Unique serial number" means the serial number and, if applicable, other information
40.5       required under:
40.6       (1) United States Code, title 26, section 5842;
40.7       (2) United States Code, title 18, section 923;
40.8       (3) section 624.7147; or
40.9       (4) the law of any other state for the identification of firearms.
40.10                     Subd. 2.Alteration of serial numbers. Any person who commits any of the following
40.11     acts may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years or to payment of a fine
40.12     of not more than $10,000, or both:
40.13     (1) obliterates, removes, changes, or alters the unique serial number of a firearm; or
40.14     (2) receives or possesses a firearm, the unique serial number of which has been
40.15     obliterated, removed, changed, or altered.
40.16                     Subd. 3.Prohibition on possession. Any person who owns, possesses, or receives a
40.17     ghost gun may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years or to payment of
40.18     a fine of not more than $10,000, or both.
40.19                     Subd. 4.Sale, transfer, and distribution of ghost guns. Any person who sells, transfers,
40.20     or distributes a ghost gun may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years
40.21     or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both.
40.22                     Subd. 5.Firearms without serial numbers. (a) Any person who, on August 1, 2026,
40.23     is in possession of a firearm or unfinished frame or receiver that lacks a unique serial number
40.24     engraved or imprinted in metal alloy on the frame or receiver has 180 days to do one of the
40.25     following:
40.26     (1) have a federal firearms licensee imprint a unique serial number on the firearm
40.27     according to the requirements under section 624.7147;
40.28     (2) permanently remove the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver from the state;
40.29     (3) render the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver permanently inoperable; or
40.30     (4) surrender the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver to a law enforcement agency
40.31     for destruction.
41.1       (b) Any person who receives an unfinished frame, receiver, or firearm without a unique
41.2       serial number through inheritance and who is not otherwise prohibited from possessing the
41.3       unfinished frame, receiver, or firearm, must, within 30 days after inheriting the unfinished
41.4       frame, receiver, or firearm:
41.5       (1) have a federal firearms licensee imprint a unique serial number on the firearm
41.6       according to the requirements of section 624.7147;
41.7       (2) permanently remove the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver from the state;
41.8       (3) render the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver permanently inoperable; or
41.9       (4) surrender the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver to a law enforcement agency.
41.10     (c) New residents of the state in possession of a firearm or unfinished frame or receiver
41.11     that lacks a unique serial number must, within 60 days of arriving in the state:
41.12     (1) have a federal firearms licensee imprint a unique serial number on the firearm
41.13     according to the requirements of section 624.7147;
41.14     (2) permanently remove the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver from the state;
41.15     (3) render the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver permanently inoperable; or
41.16     (4) surrender the firearm or unfinished frame or receiver to a law enforcement agency.
41.17                     Subd. 6.Exceptions. This section does not apply to:
41.18     (1) possession of a ghost gun by a federal firearms licensee or the sale, transfer, or
41.19     distribution of a ghost gun to a federal firearms licensee;
41.20     (2) the transfer of a firearm or unfinished frame or receiver that lacks a unique serial
41.21     number between the owner and a federal firearms licensee for the purposes of serialization
41.22     under section 624.7147;
41.23     (3) a law enforcement officer for the purposes of enforcing this section, collecting
41.24     evidence, or destroying a ghost gun; or
41.25     (4) a member of the United States armed forces for use in the course of the member's
41.26     official duties.
41.27                     Subd. 7.Enforcement. This section is enforceable under section 8.31.

41.28     Sec. 28. [624.7148] ASSEMBLY AND MANUFACTURING OF FIREARMS.
41.29                     Subdivision 1.Definitions. (a) For purposes of this section, the following terms have
41.30     the meanings given.
42.1       (b) "Assemble" means to fit together component parts.
42.2       (c) "Manufacture" means to fabricate, make, form, produce, or construct by manual
42.3       labor or machinery.
42.4                       Subd. 2.Assembling firearms; requirements; limitations. (a) A person who is not a
42.5       federal firearms licensee is prohibited from assembling or manufacturing more than three
42.6       firearms in a calendar year.
42.7       (b) Before assembling or manufacturing a firearm, a person assembling or manufacturing
42.8       a firearm that does not have a unique serial number or mark of identification imprinted on
42.9       the frame or receiver must request a unique serial number from a federal firearms licensee
42.10     that complies with the requirements in section 624.7147.
42.11     (c) Within ten days of assembling a firearm, the owner must have a federal firearms
42.12     licensee imprint the firearm with the unique serial number assigned under paragraph (b).
42.13     (d) Nothing in this section permits the assembly or manufacture of ghost guns.
42.14                     Subd. 3.Manufacturing prohibitions. (a) It is unlawful for a person, other than a federal
42.15     firearms licensee, to manufacture a firearm using a computer numerical control milling
42.16     machine or three-dimensional printer.
42.17     (b) Any person who violates this subdivision may be sentenced to imprisonment for not
42.18     more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both.
42.19                     Subd. 4.Firearm design files. (a) It is unlawful to sell, transfer, or distribute to a person
42.20     in the state, other than to a federal firearms licensee, digital instructions in the form of
42.21     computer-aided design files or other code or instructions stored and displayed in electronic
42.22     format as a digital model that may be used to program a three-dimensional printer to
42.23     manufacture a ghost gun.
42.24     (b) A person who violates paragraph (a) may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more
42.25     than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both.
42.26                     Subd. 5.Enforcement. This section is enforceable under section 8.31.

42.27     Sec. 29. [624.7149] SERIALIZATION OF FIREARMS.
42.28                     Subdivision 1.Requirements. (a) A federal firearms licensee must comply with this
42.29     subdivision when assigning and applying a unique serial number to a firearm or unfinished
42.30     frame or receiver owned by a resident of the state.
43.1       (b) The unique serial number must be formatted with the federal firearms licensee's
43.2       abbreviated federal firearms license number as a prefix, which is the first three and last five
43.3       digits of the license number, followed by a hyphen, then followed by a number that the
43.4       licensee has not previously assigned as a suffix. The serial number or numbers must be
43.5       imprinted in a manner that accords with the requirements under federal law for affixing
43.6       serial numbers to firearms, including the requirements that the serial number or numbers
43.7       be at the minimum size and depth, and not susceptible to being readily obliterated, altered,
43.8       or removed, and the licensee must retain records that accord with the requirements under
43.9       federal law in the case of the sale of a firearm. The imprinting of any serial number upon
43.10     an undetectable firearm must be done on a steel plaque under United States Code, title 18,
43.11     section 922(p).
43.12     (c) A federal firearms licensee that engraves, casts, stamps, or otherwise conspicuously
43.13     and permanently places a unique serial number on a firearm or unfinished frame or receiver
43.14     under this section must maintain a record of each instance of imprinting a serial number
43.15     indefinitely. A federal firearms licensee providing marking services under this section must
43.16     make all records accessible for inspection upon the request of a state or local law enforcement
43.17     agency.
43.18     (d) A federal firearms licensee that engraves, casts, stamps, or otherwise conspicuously
43.19     and permanently places a unique serial number on a firearm or unfinished frame or receiver
43.20     under this section must record the serial number at the time of every transaction involving
43.21     the transfer of a firearm, rifle, shotgun, finished frame or receiver, or unfinished frame or
43.22     receiver that has been marked in compliance with the federal guidelines under Code of
43.23     Federal Regulations, title 27, section 478.124.
43.24     (e) By August 1, 2026, the commissioner of public safety must issue a public notice
43.25     regarding the provisions of this section in order to educate the public. The notice must
43.26     include posting on the Department of Public Safety's website and may include written
43.27     notification or any other means of communication statewide to all Minnesota-based federal
43.28     firearms licensees authorized to provide marking services under this section.
43.29                     Subd. 2.Data classification. Data related to unique serial numbers under subdivision
43.30     1, paragraph (c), is classified in section 13.87, subdivision 2.

43.31     Sec. 30. Minnesota Statutes 2024, section 624.7181, subdivision 2, is amended to read:
43.32                     Subd. 2.Penalties. Whoever carries a BB gun, rifle, or shotgun on or about the person
43.33     in a public place is guilty of a gross misdemeanor. A person under the age of 21 who carries
44.1       a semiautomatic military-style assault weapon, as defined in section 624.712, subdivision
44.2       7, on or about the person in a public place is guilty of a felony.

44.3       Sec. 31. REENACTMENT OF BAN ON BINARY TRIGGERS.
 44.4      Laws 2024, chapter 127, article 36, section 2, is revived and reenacted.

44.5       EFFECTIVE DATE. This section is effective the day following final enactment and
44.6       applies to crimes committed on or after that date.

44.7       Sec. 32. REPEALER.
 44.8      Minnesota Statutes 2024, sections 471.633; 471.634; 609.667; 609.67, subdivision 6;
44.9       624.7131, subdivision 12; 624.7132, subdivision 16; 624.714, subdivision 23; 624.717; and
44.10     624.7191, subdivision 4, are repealed.

APPENDIX

Repealed Minnesota Statutes: 26-08379

169.58 IDENTIFICATION LAMPS.Subd. 2.Red lamp; permit for volunteer emergency responders.

Upon obtaining a permit from the commissioner of public safety, any motor vehicles operated by an active member of a volunteer fire department authorized by or contracting with any city, town, or township in this state, an emergency medical first responder, or an ambulance crew member may be equipped with a lamp emitting a red light to the front of such vehicle. The lens of such lamp shall be not more than three inches in diameter. Such lamp shall be lighted only when the member of the volunteer fire department, ambulance crew member, or emergency medical first responder is responding to an emergency call in connection with duties as a volunteer firefighter, ambulance crew member, or responder. The commissioner of public safety is hereby authorized to issue permits on applications of a member of a volunteer fire department properly certified to by the chief of said volunteer fire department, and on applications for emergency medical first responders or ambulance crew members. The commissioner of public safety must be notified immediately upon the termination of membership in a volunteer fire department or when an ambulance or permitted emergency medical first responder ceases operations.

Subd. 3.Volunteer ambulance driver.

The commissioner of public safety, upon application therefor, may issue a permit to any certificated volunteer ambulance driver authorizing the driver to equip any privately owned motor vehicle operated by the driver with a lamp emitting a red light to the front of the vehicle. The lamps shall conform to specifications adopted by the commissioner. The lamp shall be lighted only when the driver is proceeding to the location of an ambulance in response to an emergency call. The application shall be in the form prescribed by the commissioner and shall contain verification satisfactory to the commissioner of the applicant's status as a certificated volunteer ambulance driver. Any permit issued shall expire immediately upon termination of the permittee's employment as a volunteer ambulance driver.

471.633 FIREARMS.

The legislature preempts all authority of a home rule charter or statutory city including a city of the first class, county, town, municipal corporation, or other governmental subdivision, or any of their instrumentalities, to regulate firearms, ammunition, or their respective components to the complete exclusion of any order, ordinance or regulation by them except that:

(a) a governmental subdivision may regulate the discharge of firearms; and

(b) a governmental subdivision may adopt regulations identical to state law.

Local regulation inconsistent with this section is void.

471.634 DEFINITION.

For purposes of section 471.633, the terms "municipal corporation" and "governmental subdivision," or instrumentality thereof, do not include school districts and other entities composed exclusively of school districts when school boards or school administrators are regulating school grounds, school facilities, school transportation services, school programs, or the conduct of students at any activities conducted under the direct or indirect supervision or control of the school board or administration.

609.667 FIREARMS; REMOVAL OR ALTERATION OF SERIAL NUMBER.

Whoever commits any of the following acts may be sentenced to imprisonment for not more than five years or to payment of a fine of not more than $10,000, or both:

(1) obliterates, removes, changes, or alters the serial number or other identification of a firearm;

(2) receives or possesses a firearm, the serial number or other identification of which has been obliterated, removed, changed, or altered; or

(3) receives or possesses a firearm that is not identified by a serial number.

As used in this section, "serial number or other identification" means the serial number and other information required under United States Code, title 26, section 5842, for the identification of firearms.

609.67 MACHINE GUNS AND SHORT-BARRELED SHOTGUNS.Subd. 6.Preemption.

Laws 1977, chapter 255, supersedes all local ordinances, rules, and regulations.

624.7131 TRANSFEREE PERMIT; PENALTY.Subd. 12.Local regulation.

This section shall be construed to supersede municipal or county regulation of the issuance of transferee permits.

624.7132 REPORT OF TRANSFER.Subd. 16.Local regulation.

This section shall be construed to supersede municipal or county regulation of the transfer of pistols.

624.714 CARRYING OF WEAPONS WITHOUT PERMIT; PENALTIES.Subd. 23.Exclusivity.

This section sets forth the complete and exclusive criteria and procedures for the issuance of permits to carry and establishes their nature and scope. No sheriff, police chief, governmental unit, government official, government employee, or other person or body acting under color of law or governmental authority may change, modify, or supplement these criteria or procedures, or limit the exercise of a permit to carry.

624.717 LOCAL REGULATION.

Sections 624.711 to 624.716 shall be construed to supersede municipal or county regulation of the carrying or possessing of pistols and the regulation of Saturday night special pistols.

624.7191 METAL-PENETRATING BULLETS.Subd. 4.Local regulation.

This section shall be construed to supersede any municipal or county regulation of ammunition, including its component parts.